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Preparation and characterization of packaging films based on beta-keratin
Měšťánková, Zuzana ; Mikulíková, Renata (referee) ; Kovalčík, Adriána (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with keratin isolation from poultry feather waste and preparation of keratin-polymers composite films utilizing isolated keratin. The main goal was to isolate keratin from poultry feathers by hydrolysis and compare yield of diverse hydrolysis types. The most efficient was hydrolysis using 0.5% sodium hydroxide with yield 480 g of keratin per 1 kg of chicken feathers. Structure, morphology and thermal properties of isolated keratin was analyzed. Comparison with protein molecular weight standard it was revealed that hydrolysis cleaved keratin to macromolecules smaller than 15 kDa. Scan electron microscopy showed that size of lyophilized keratin particles was in the order tens of µm and had an irregular shape. Further, composite films based on isolated -keratin and other polymers were prepared. Thermal analysis showed, the addition of keratin significantly reduced the thermal stability of composite films. Analyses revealed that Polyvinyl alcohol composite films reached the best mechanical properties. For example, an addition of 0.25 g of keratin per 1 g of polyvinyl alcohol increased the tensile elongation by up to 68.9%. Moreover, the film based on chitosan and keratin had antibacterial properties. The results demonstrate that it is able to efficiently isolate keratin from poultry feather waste by alkaline hydrolysis and isolated keratin can be utilized to prepare potentially applicable keratin-polymers composite films.
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Preparation and characterization of packaging films based on beta-keratin
Měšťánková, Zuzana ; Mikulíková, Renata (referee) ; Kovalčík, Adriána (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with keratin isolation from poultry feather waste and preparation of keratin-polymers composite films utilizing isolated keratin. The main goal was to isolate keratin from poultry feathers by hydrolysis and compare yield of diverse hydrolysis types. The most efficient was hydrolysis using 0.5% sodium hydroxide with yield 480 g of keratin per 1 kg of chicken feathers. Structure, morphology and thermal properties of isolated keratin was analyzed. Comparison with protein molecular weight standard it was revealed that hydrolysis cleaved keratin to macromolecules smaller than 15 kDa. Scan electron microscopy showed that size of lyophilized keratin particles was in the order tens of µm and had an irregular shape. Further, composite films based on isolated -keratin and other polymers were prepared. Thermal analysis showed, the addition of keratin significantly reduced the thermal stability of composite films. Analyses revealed that Polyvinyl alcohol composite films reached the best mechanical properties. For example, an addition of 0.25 g of keratin per 1 g of polyvinyl alcohol increased the tensile elongation by up to 68.9%. Moreover, the film based on chitosan and keratin had antibacterial properties. The results demonstrate that it is able to efficiently isolate keratin from poultry feather waste by alkaline hydrolysis and isolated keratin can be utilized to prepare potentially applicable keratin-polymers composite films.
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Acidic Hydrolysis of Waste Feather Biomass - Processes Scale-Up.
Hanika, Jiří ; Rousková, Milena ; Šolcová, Olga ; Šabata, Stanislav ; Jírů, M. ; Hůrková, K.
The paper present novel data on acidic hydrolysis of waste chicken feathersin presence of water solution containing carboxylic acid catalyst with the pKa value lower than 4, instirred batch reactors, in the temperature range from 114°Cto 150°C and at the pertinent vapour pressure of reaction mixture.The process was scaled-up from laboratory bench scale to pilot plant dimensions using batch high pressure autoclaves. Process conditions were applied according to patent application1. Knowledge of kinetic aspects of the featherhydrolysis and process parameters operation window are inevitable for asuccessful process scale up2,3.
Fulltext: content.csg -  DOCX
Plný tet: ICCT_2019 ACIDIC HYDROLYSIS OF WASTE FEATHER BIOMASS - DOCX
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